Nqe Lus Nug: Kuv tau tawm tsam kom nkag siab yuav ua li cas lub vojvoog khoov (raws li kuv tau taw qhia) hauv cov ntawv luam cuam tshuam txog kev xaiv cov cuab yeej. Piv txwv li, tam sim no peb tab tom muaj teeb meem nrog qee qhov chaw ua los ntawm 0.5 "A36 steel. Peb siv 0.5 "inch diameter punches rau cov khoom no. vojvoog thiab 4 nti. tuag. Tam sim no yog tias kuv siv txoj cai 20% thiab muab 4 nti. Thaum kuv nce qhov tuag qhib los ntawm 15% (rau cov hlau), kuv tau txais 0.6 nti. Tab sis yuav ua li cas tus neeg teb xov tooj paub siv 0.5 ″ vojvoog punch thaum luam ntawv yuav tsum muaj 0.6 ″ khoov vojvoog?
A: Koj tau hais txog ib qho kev sib tw loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev lag luam hlau. Qhov no yog ib qho kev xav tsis zoo uas ob tus engineers thiab cov khw tsim khoom yuav tsum sib cav nrog. Txhawm rau kho qhov no, peb yuav pib nrog cov hauv paus hauv paus, ob txoj hauv kev tsim, thiab tsis nkag siab qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv.
Los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuab dabtsi yog khoov hauv xyoo 1920 mus txog rau tam sim no, cov neeg ua haujlwm tau molded qhov chaw nrog hauv qab khoov lossis hauv av. Txawm hais tias hauv qab khoov tau tawm ntawm kev zam dhau 20 txog 30 xyoo dhau los, txoj kev khoov tseem ua rau peb xav thaum peb khoov cov ntawv hlau.
Precision sib tsoo cov cuab yeej nkag mus rau hauv kev ua lag luam thaum xyoo 1970s thiab hloov pauv cov qauv. Yog li cia peb saib seb cov cuab yeej precision txawv li cas ntawm cov cuab yeej planer, qhov kev hloov mus rau cov cuab yeej precision tau hloov pauv kev lag luam li cas, thiab nws txhua yam cuam tshuam li cas rau koj cov lus nug.
Nyob rau xyoo 1920, molding hloov los ntawm disc nres creases mus rau V-zoo li tus tuag nrog txuam punches. Lub 90 degree punch yuav siv nrog 90 degree tuag. Kev hloov ntawm folding mus rau txoj kev yog ib kauj ruam loj rau pem hauv ntej rau cov ntawv hlau. Nws yog nrawm dua, ib feem vim tias cov phaj nres tshiab tau tsim hluav taws xob ua hluav taws xob - tsis muaj manually dabtsi yog khoov txhua qhov khoov. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub phaj nres tuaj yeem khoov los ntawm hauv qab, uas txhim kho qhov tseeb. Ntxiv nrog rau cov backgauges, qhov muaj tseeb tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau qhov tseeb tias lub punch nias nws lub vojvoog rau hauv lub voj voog sab hauv ntawm cov khoom. Qhov no yog ua tiav los ntawm kev siv lub hau ntawm lub cuab yeej rau cov khoom thickness tsawg dua cov khoom thickness. Peb txhua tus paub tias yog tias peb tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov tsis tu ncua hauv qhov khoov lub vojvoog, peb tuaj yeem suav cov txiaj ntsig raug rau khoov rho tawm, khoov nyiaj, txo qis sab nraud thiab K yam tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi ntawm khoov peb ua.
Feem ntau qhov chaw muaj ntse heev sab hauv khoov radii. Cov neeg tsim khoom, cov tsim qauv thiab cov kws tsim khoom siv tes ua tau paub txog qhov yuav tuav vim tias txhua yam zoo li tau rov ua dua tshiab - thiab qhov tseeb nws yog, tsawg kawg yog piv rau niaj hnub no.
Nws yog txhua yam zoo kom txog thaum ib yam dab tsi zoo dua tuaj. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej tom ntej tuaj txog thaum xyoo 1970s nrog kev qhia txog cov cuab yeej hauv av, cov lej ntawm lub computer, thiab kev tswj xyuas hydraulic siab heev. Tam sim no koj muaj kev tswj tag nrho ntawm cov xovxwm nres thiab nws cov tshuab. Tab sis lub ntsiab lus tipping yog qhov tseeb-hauv av uas hloov txhua yam. Tag nrho cov kev cai rau kev tsim cov khoom zoo tau hloov pauv.
Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim yog tag nrho ntawm leaps thiab ciam teb. Nyob rau hauv ib tug leap, peb mus los ntawm inconsistent flex radii rau phaj brakes rau uniform flex radii tsim los ntawm stamping, priming thiab embossing. (Faj seeb: Rendering tsis zoo ib yam li casting; koj tuaj yeem tshawb cov kab ntawv archives kom paub ntau ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kab ntawv no kuv siv "khoov hauv qab" los qhia txog kev ua thiab casting.)
Cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum muaj cov tonnage tseem ceeb los tsim cov khoom. Tau kawg, ntau txoj hauv kev no yog xov xwm tsis zoo rau cov xovxwm nres, cuab yeej lossis ib feem. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tseem yog txoj kev khoov hlau ntau tshaj plaws rau ze li 60 xyoo kom txog rau thaum kev lag luam coj cov kauj ruam tom ntej mus rau airforming.
Yog li, huab cua tsim (los yog cua dabtsi yog khoov) yog dab tsi? Nws ua haujlwm li cas piv rau hauv qab flex? Qhov no dhia dua hloov txoj kev radii tsim. Tam sim no, es tsis txhob stamping lub voj voog sab hauv ntawm qhov khoov, cov huab cua tsim "floating" nyob rau hauv lub vojvoog raws li feem pua ntawm qhov qhib tuag lossis qhov kev ncua deb ntawm caj npab tuag (saib daim duab 1).
Daim duab 1. Nyob rau hauv huab cua dabtsi yog khoov, sab hauv lub vojvoog ntawm qhov khoov yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov dav ntawm qhov tuag, tsis yog qhov kawg ntawm lub punch. Lub vojvoog "floats" nyob rau hauv qhov dav ntawm daim ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tob tob (thiab tsis yog lub kaum sab xis tuag) txiav txim siab lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub workpiece khoov.
Peb cov khoom siv yog cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau nrog lub zog tensile ntawm 60,000 psi thiab huab cua tsim lub vojvoog ntawm kwv yees li 16% ntawm lub qhov tuag. Qhov feem pua nws txawv nyob ntawm seb hom khoom, fluidity, mob thiab lwm yam ntxwv. Vim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntawv hlau nws tus kheej, qhov feem pua ntawm cov kwv yees yuav tsis zoo tag nrho. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv zoo nkauj heev.
Mos aluminium cua tsim ib lub vojvoog ntawm 13% mus rau 15% ntawm qhov qhib tuag. Kub dov pickled thiab oiled cov ntaub ntawv muaj cua tsim vojvoog ntawm 14% mus rau 16% ntawm qhov qhib tuag. Cold rolled steel (peb lub zog tensile yog 60,000 psi) yog tsim los ntawm huab cua nyob rau hauv ib lub vojvoog ntawm 15% mus rau 17% ntawm qhov qhib tuag. 304 stainless hlau airforming vojvoog yog 20% mus rau 22% ntawm qhov tuag qhov. Ib zaug ntxiv, cov feem pua ntawm cov khoom no muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig vim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov feem pua ntawm lwm cov khoom siv, koj tuaj yeem sib piv nws lub zog tensile rau 60 KSI tensile lub zog ntawm peb cov ntaub ntawv siv. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj cov khoom muaj lub zog tensile ntawm 120-KSI, qhov feem pua yuav tsum nyob nruab nrab ntawm 31% thiab 33%.
Cia peb hais tias peb cov pa roj carbon steel muaj lub zog tensile ntawm 60,000 psi, lub thickness ntawm 0.062 ntiv tes, thiab dab tsi hu ua ib sab hauv khoov vojvoog ntawm 0.062 ntiv tes. Khoov nws hla lub V-qhov ntawm 0.472 tuag thiab cov qauv tsim yuav zoo li no:
Yog li koj sab hauv khoov vojvoog yuav yog 0.075 ″ uas koj tuaj yeem siv los suav cov nyiaj khoov, K yam, rub rau hauv thiab khoov rho tawm nrog qee qhov raug, piv txwv li yog tias koj tus neeg siv xovxwm nres siv cov cuab yeej tsim nyog thiab tsim qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig cov cuab yeej uas cov neeg ua haujlwm yog. siv.
Hauv qhov piv txwv, tus neeg teb xov tooj siv 0.472 nti. Stamp qhib. Tus neeg teb xov tooj tau taug kev mus rau hauv chaw ua haujlwm thiab hais tias, “Houston, peb muaj teeb meem. Nws yog 0.075. Impact radius? Zoo li peb yeej muaj teeb meem; peb mus qhov twg kom tau ib tug? Qhov ze tshaj peb tuaj yeem tau txais yog 0.078. "los yog 0.062 nti. 0.078 nyob rau hauv. Lub punch vojvoog loj dhau, 0.062 nyob rau hauv. Lub punch vojvoog me dhau. "
Tab sis qhov no yog qhov kev xaiv tsis ncaj ncees lawm. Vim li cas? Lub punch radius tsis tsim ib lub vojvoog sab hauv khoov. Nco ntsoov, peb tsis tau tham txog hauv qab flex, yog, lub ntsis ntawm tus striker yog qhov kev txiav txim siab. Peb tab tom tham txog kev tsim huab cua. Qhov dav ntawm lub matrix tsim ib lub vojvoog; lub punch tsuas yog ib qho kev thawb. Kuj tseem nco ntsoov tias lub kaum sab xis tuag tsis cuam tshuam rau sab hauv lub voj voog ntawm qhov khoov. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov kab mob, V-shaped, lossis channel matrices; yog tias tag nrho peb muaj tib qhov dav dav, koj yuav tau txais tib yam hauv lub vojvoog khoov.
Lub punch vojvoog cuam tshuam qhov tshwm sim, tab sis tsis yog qhov kev txiav txim siab rau qhov khoov vojvoog. Tam sim no, yog tias koj tsim ib lub vojvoog punch loj dua li lub vojvoog ntab, ib feem yuav siv lub vojvoog loj dua. Qhov no hloov cov nyiaj khoov, kev cog lus, K yam, thiab khoov txiav. Zoo, qhov ntawd tsis yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws, puas yog? Koj nkag siab - qhov no tsis yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws.
Yuav ua li cas yog tias peb siv 0.062 nti? qhov hluav taws xob? Qhov kev sib tw no yuav zoo. Vim li cas? Vim tias, tsawg kawg yog thaum siv cov cuab yeej npaj tau, nws yog ze li sai tau rau lub ntuj "floating" sab hauv khoov vojvoog. Kev siv cov punch no hauv daim ntawv thov no yuav tsum muab kev kho kom zoo thiab ruaj khov.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum xaiv lub vojvoog punch uas mus txog, tab sis tsis tshaj, lub vojvoog ntawm qhov ntab ntu feature. Qhov me me ntawm lub punch vojvoog txheeb ze rau qhov ntab khoov lub vojvoog, qhov tsis ruaj khov thiab kev kwv yees qhov khoov yuav yog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj xaus rau khoov ntau. Punches uas nqaim heev yuav crumple cov khoom thiab tsim ntse khoov nrog tsawg sib xws thiab repeatability.
Ntau tus neeg nug kuv tias vim li cas lub thickness ntawm cov khoom tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum xaiv lub qhov tuag. Cov feem pua ntawm cov khoom siv los kwv yees cov huab cua tsim lub vojvoog xav tias cov pwm siv tau muaj pwm qhib haum rau cov thickness ntawm cov khoom. Ntawd yog, lub qhov matrix yuav tsis loj dua lossis me dua li qhov xav tau.
Txawm hais tias koj tuaj yeem txo lossis nce qhov loj ntawm cov pwm, lub radii zoo li deform, hloov ntau yam ntawm kev khoov muaj nuj nqi. Koj tuaj yeem pom cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws yog tias koj siv lub vojvoog ntaus tsis raug. Yog li, qhov pib zoo yog txoj cai ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo los xaiv qhov tuag qhib yim npaug ntawm cov khoom tuab.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, engineers yuav tuaj rau lub khw thiab tham nrog tus neeg teb xov tooj nres. Xyuas kom txhua tus paub qhov txawv ntawm txoj kev molding. Tshawb nrhiav seb lawv siv li cas thiab cov khoom siv twg lawv siv. Tau txais ib daim ntawv teev tag nrho cov punches thiab tuag lawv muaj, thiab tom qab ntawd tsim ib feem raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawd. Tom qab ntawd, hauv cov ntaub ntawv, sau cov punches thiab tuag tsim nyog rau kev ua tiav ntawm qhov raug. Tau kawg, koj tuaj yeem muaj qhov xwm txheej tshwm sim thaum koj yuav tsum tweak koj cov cuab yeej, tab sis qhov no yuav tsum yog qhov tshwj tsis yog txoj cai.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm, Kuv paub tias koj yog cov neeg dag, kuv tus kheej yog ib tus ntawm lawv! Tab sis ploj mus yog cov hnub thaum koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov cuab yeej koj nyiam. Txawm li cas los xij, tau hais tias cov cuab yeej siv twg los siv rau qhov tsim qauv tsis cuam tshuam txog koj qib kev txawj. Nws tsuas yog qhov tseeb ntawm lub neej. Peb tam sim no tau ua los ntawm cov cua nyias thiab tsis muaj slouch lawm. Cov cai tau hloov lawm.
FABRICATOR yog cov ntawv xov xwm hlau ua thiab hlau ua haujlwm hauv North America. Cov ntawv xov xwm tshaj tawm xov xwm, cov ntawv xov xwm thiab cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm uas ua rau cov tuam txhab ua lawv txoj haujlwm zoo dua. FABRICATOR tau ua haujlwm rau kev lag luam txij li xyoo 1970.
Tag nrho cov digital nkag mus rau FABRICATOR tam sim no muaj, muab kev yooj yim rau koj nkag mus rau cov khoom lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig.
Tag nrho cov digital nkag mus rau Tubing Magazine tam sim no muaj, muab koj yooj yim nkag mus rau cov khoom lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig.
Tag nrho cov digital nkag mus rau Tus Fabricator en Español tam sim no muaj, muab kev nkag tau yooj yim rau kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig.
Myron Elkins koom nrog The Maker podcast los tham txog nws txoj kev taug kev los ntawm lub nroog me mus rau lub Hoobkas welder…
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-04-2023